Significance
Dhanteras, falling on the thirteenth lunar day (Trayodashi) of the dark fortnight of Kartika, marks the beginning of the five-day Diwali celebrations. On this day, Lord Dhanvantari -- the physician of the gods and the deity of health and Ayurveda -- emerged from the ocean during the churning of the cosmic sea (Samudra Manthan) carrying the pot of Amrita (nectar of immortality). It is also the day Goddess Lakshmi is believed to visit homes, and Yama (the god of death) is propitiated with a lamp at the threshold to ward off untimely death.
Preparation
Rituals & Vidhi
Dhanvantari Puja
Worship Lord Dhanvantari in the evening -- offer yellow flowers, Tulsi, and pray for good health for all family members.
Mantra: Om Namo Bhagavate Vasudevaya Dhanvantaraye Amrutakalasha Hastaya Sarvamayavinashanaya Trailokyanathaya Shri Maha Vishnave Namah
Lakshmi Puja
Perform Lakshmi puja in the evening. Light diyas all around the home to welcome the goddess of prosperity.
Mantra: Om Shreem Hreem Shreem Kamale Kamalalaye Praseed Praseed Om Shreem Hreem Shreem Mahalakshmyai Namah
Yama Diya
Light a special diya at the threshold facing south (the direction of Yama) to ward off untimely death. Keep it burning through the night.
Purchase of New Items
Buy a new metal vessel, utensil, or gold/silver item. Even a single coin counts. This symbolizes inviting Lakshmi's abundance into the home.
Family Guidance
Take children to buy their own small silver coin or new item. Explain Dhanvantari's role as the divine doctor. Have children help light and place diyas around the home entrance.